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Primavera Sound Publishes Live Music Covid Study

Primavera Sound, known for its Barcelona music festival, has co-published the results of a study on the safety of indoor events. They conclude that "attending a live music concert staged with a series of security measures...was not associated with an increase in Covid-19 infections”.

It has now been 20 years since Primavera Sound started to build upon its commitment to live music with Barcelona as the epicentre of an event that is international, multidisciplinary and can be enjoyed all year round.

Primavera Sound has now published the results of the PRIMA-CoV study after carrying out rigorous clinical trials with a view to the future of events in indoor venues. Primavera Sound notes that none of the participants in the Sala Apolo event on December 12 (a concert without safe social distancing and with a previous screening with antigen and PCR tests) were infected with coronavirus.

These are the details of the results of the PRIMA-CoV study:

The PRIMA-CoV study was a random 1:1 clinical trial testing the hypothesis that a live concert performed under safe conditions would not be associated with an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infections. The study was approved by the ethics committee of the University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol in Badalona (Barcelona).

The performance took place on December 12 in the sala Apolo in Barcelona. All participants signed a consent form, were aged between 18-59 years, had no comorbidities, and had not been diagnosed with Covid during the last 14 days. All of them had a same-day entry screening with a negative SARS-CoV-2 antigen test performed via nasopharyngeal swabs by healthcare personnel.

A series of safety measures were implemented inside the venue and there was a limited outdoor area for smoking inside the building with strict control over the number of people. The bar zone (with a capacity of 1,600) was located in a supplementary room and drinks were served only in that zone. Participants were asked to remove their face masks only when drinking.

A certified N95 cloth mask was given to every participant at the venue entrance. Mask-wearing was mandatory during the entire event, but no physical distancing was required in the concert area (with a capacity of 900), where singing and dancing was permitted as well.

Air flow and room ventilation “was optimised” in the two indoor rooms and air exchange was monitored throughout the entire event.

The concert included four performances and lasted five hours overall. The average time each participant spent inside the concert area was two hours and 40 minutes. The flow and movement of all participants inside the venue were clearly defined and marked, and were observed by the security crew during the event. Measures were also implemented to avoid queues in the toilets, and the concert entrance and exit areas.

Attending a live music concert staged with a series of security measures...was not associated with an increase in Covid-19 infections. Primavera Sound

The Findings

Primavera Sound reports that all 1,047 participants screened before the concert had a negative antigen result. Subjects were randomly assigned to go inside the concert venue, or not (the control group).

All participants had to return after eight days to repeat a second SARS-CoV-2 rt-PCR using nasopharyngeal swabs to identify possible SARS-CoV-2 infections.
The maximum number allowed inside the venue was 500 people, advised by healthcare authorities.

Of them, 463 people entered the concert venue, and 496 remained in the control group with no access to the concert venue, and completed the follow-up visit.

In the final intention-to-treat analysis (ITT-exposed), none of the 463 participants in the experimental group were infected with SARS-CoV-2 (incidence 0%; 95% credibility intervals: 0% -0.7%) whilst in the control group (with no access to the concert), two of 496 participants were infected (incidence 0.4%; credibility intervals 95%: 0.1% -0.8%).

The two infected people from the control group were detected by RT-PCR tests and by an antigen test. Both suffered from a mild clinical illness which was then reported to health professionals. They then underwent an epidemiological questionnaire and a contact study.

Primavera Sound states that therefore, “attending a live music concert staged with a series of security measures that included a negative antigen test for SARS-CoV-2 done on the same day, was not associated with an increase in Covid-19 infections”.

The study was performed by the Foundation against AIDS and Infectious Diseases of the University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol in Badalona (Barcelona), and was funded by Primavera Sound.

Boris Revollo, MD, PhD, and the other co-investigator of the study, highlights that “the list of conditions included in the present study are easily reproducible and could be escalated to other events”.

Josep M Llibre, MD, PhD, one of the co-investigators of the project, believes this data “illuminates the real risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in live concert events performed with safe conditions, including a same-day SARS-CoV-2 antigen screening”.


Context of the study

Attending a sporting event or a concert has been named as one of the most risky activities in regards to potentially contracting Covid, and healthcare authorities have reduced the capacity of venues or cancelled live events altogether in response to this.

“For decades, the industry has been accumulating the necessary knowledge, creativity and culture surrounding the planning and implementation of major concerts and festival activities in Barcelona and around the globe,” stated Primavera Sound. “Hopefully this data will pave the way to safe live concerts during the Covid pandemic.”

Read the study here.

*Images not from Primavera Sound's Covid study.